Components of a museum-quality model

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Garnet tackle (before 1730) 1. Mainstay,.2. Pendant,. 3. Guy,. 4, Tackle
 
Various forms of tackles were used for moving loads, for tightening deadeye lanyards when setting up the shrouds, and for moving the ships' boats.

   Lower mast tackles (Foretackle, maintackle and mizen burton tackle) The lower mast tackles appeared in the course of the 16th century,initially on the mainmast and the foremast. A seized eye in the bight 01 a rope was fitted over the masthead of the main and fore lower masts below the shrouds, first to starboard then to port (more details on ti . in the chapter THE  SHROUDS), so that on both sides two pendants hung down. A fiddle or double block was then spliced into the aftermost pendant at half to two thirds mast height, the mast tackle reeving through it. The foremost pendant was one footshorter and w fitted with a single block for a runner .
In the single block form the runner reeved through the block, and was spliced into the upper block of the mast tackle. The standing end was fastened to an eyebolt in the deck. In the double block form a further double block completed the tackle. Hooks were stropped to the lower blocks, which were engaged in rings on the channel when the tackles were not in use. These rings were very frequently fitted with a small chain plate. The running part of the tackle belayed inboard on a belaying pin. By 1720 at the latest the pendants were served, as were the strops round the blocks and hooks.
    Except on small ships the main and foremasts always carried double mast tackles. The mizen mast usually carried only one tackle called a burton on each side, which was fitted round the masthead with a spliced eye. Burton tackles were also carried on the main and fore
topmasts in British ships as early as the very early 17th century,although only one on each side, and of correspondingly smaller dimensions, but on the Continent these only appeared from the last quarter of the 17th century .Burton tackles on the mizen topmasts were only carried by a few large ships prior to 1650 after which date they became extinct.

Garnet and stay tackles
The garnet tackle also appeared in the 16th century , and was still in use in the 19th century. Garnet tackles were usually double, and only smaller ships carried a single garnet tackle with a spliced eye.
      The pendant of the garnet tackle was fitted with a cut splice, a lashed eye or a horseshoe splice, which was shipped over the shroudson the main masthead in British ships, and in ships rigged after the British pattern. On Continental ships the pendant was in the form of a stay, but h.ad no mouse; instead it had a seized eye as on the double shrouds, which was laid round the main masthead (see also SHROUDS AND STAYS). Take care here. Although already discussed, the garnet tackle is the last part of the standing rigging to be fitted. The guy was fixed to the foremast or to the fore top with a seized eye. A fiddle block was suspended between these two ropes, and formed a tackle with a lower hook block. The stay where the tackle was secured directly to the mainstay (drawing bottom left) came into use around the middle of the 18th century.When not in use ihe hook of the stay tackle was engaged in a ring on deck.
 


 

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Stay tackle (after 1730)
1. Mainstay,.2. Runner,.
3. Secured position,. 4. Tackles


 
The Bowsprit shroud
 
From 1710 on the bowsprit was given lateral support with one or two pairs of shrouds. The bowsprit shrouds were fixed to the hull sid to starboard and port on eye bolts, and were initially set up with blocks, but soon after with deadeyes (Continental) or hearts (British, and from about 1770 also Continental). As with the bobstay chains were used for the bowsprit shrouds from about 1850, which were set up with hearts or rigging screws.
 
Sequence of the bowsprit gammoning
 

 
Bumkin shrouds

 
     From the 18th century onward, the fore tacks were no longer taken through the knee of the head, but through blocks at the head of the bumkin. The bumkin itself was stayed by two bumkin shrouds, which prevented it bending upwards when under tension. The forward shroud was led through a hole in the knee of the head and fixed to the bumkins to starboard and port. More often the shroud was fixed to a ring bolt on the knee of the head. The after shroud was made fast to a ring bolt in the hull. The bumkin shrouds were set up with a combination of blocks or deadeyes, and less often with hearts, and the tackle made fast to the bumkin shroud. If the mizen or jigger was situated so far aft that the leech of the mizen or jigger sail projected out over the stern of the ship, as was often the case from the 15th to the early 17th century , an outrigger had to be fitted to take the sail's sheet. This outrigger in turn was supported by two guys, leading downwards at an angle on both sides.
 


 

Outrigger guys

 
    If the mizen or jigger was situated so far aft that the leech of the mizen / or jigger sail projected out over the stern of the ship, as was often the case from the 15th to the early 17th century , an outrigger had to be fitted to take the sail's sheet. This outrigger in turn was supported by two guys, leading downwards at an angle on both sides. A spliced eye in the outrigger guys was fitted over the end of the outrigger, and the other end fixed to ring bolts to starboard and port. Tensioning arrangements with blocks and deadeyes were extremely rare in the case of these guys.
 

 

Gaff jackstay, 19th century: Left: older form with rope;
 Right: later type with metal rod